Toe-walking attributable to venous malformation of the calf muscle
Authors
Domb BG, Khanna AJ, Mitchell SE, Frassica FJ
DOI: 10.1097/00003086-200403000-00032
Purpose
To report cases of toe-walking caused by venous malformations in the calf muscle and explore treatment options.
Methods
Three pediatric patients with unilateral toe-walking due to venous malformation of the gastrocnemius muscle were analyzed. Imaging, clinical presentation, and treatment methods including sclerotherapy and surgical intervention were reviewed.
Key Findings
- Venous malformations in leg flexor muscles can cause contracture, leading to equinus deformity and toe-walking.
- Imaging is essential for diagnosis.
- Treatment options include sclerotherapy and, in severe cases, surgery.
Conclusion
Venous malformations should be considered in cases of persistent unilateral toe-walking. Image-guided sclerotherapy may be an effective, less invasive treatment option.
What This Means for Patients
For children with toe-walking not caused by neurological issues, vascular malformations may be the underlying problem. Early diagnosis can lead to effective, minimally invasive treatment.